Researchers at the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) have invented cutting-edge 3D-printed scaffolds that promote angiogenesis – blood vessel formation – essential for healing and regeneration of bone tissue. Various bone defects caused by trauma, tumor removal, or congenital conditions are especially challenging to treat due to the high chances of graft failure, commonly resulting from poor blood supply. The findings, detailed in Biomaterials Advances, address this problem using a novel approach.
Bone tissue relies on both vascularization and a mineral-organic matrix for healing. The unique combination of polylactic acid (PLA) and calcium phosphate (CaP) in the scaffolds helps to match the mechanical, chemical, and biological properties of bone, ensuring adequate nutrient transport, cell infiltration, and waste removal. Using 3D printing, bioengineers achieved precise scaffold geometry and porosity, necessary for enhancing vascularization. “This innovative method allows for customizable scaffolds that mimic the structure of natural bone, essential for enhancing cell infiltration and nutrient exchange during the healing process,” said Celia Ximenes-Carballo, lead author of the study.
In vitro tests showed the scaffolds supported human mesenchymal stem cell growth and stimulated vascular endothelial growth factor secretion. In vivo tests confirmed rapid blood vessel infiltration and long-term vascular stability, critical for bone regeneration. “By enhancing vascularization, we can significantly improve healing outcomes,” added Oscar Castaño, senior researcher.
This innovation showcases the amazing potential of combining 3D printing with bioactive materials to transform bone healing. Here’s to building better bones, one scaffold at a time!
Source: https://www.eurekalert.org
